The Mechanics of First Article Testing (FAT) in DLA Land and Maritime Contracts

For many industrial components, the Defense Logistics Agency requires "First Article Testing" (FAT) before full-scale production begins. This process is designed to ensure that a contractor can produce a product that meets all technical and performance requirements of the contract.

Understanding the FAT Requirement

FAT is usually required when the item is complex, has high reliability requirements, or is being procured from a new source. The contract will specify whether "Contractor FAT" (you test it and provide a report) or "Government FAT" (the government tests it) is required.

Operational Impact of FAT

The Inclusion of a FAT clause significantly changes the project timeline. You must account for:

Setup Costs: One-time tooling or testing equipment required for the first unit.
Lead Time: The government often has 30 to 90 days to review FAT reports. During this time, you cannot proceed with production for the remaining quantity.
Risk Mitigation: If the first article fails, you are responsible for correcting the deficiencies and re-testing, often at your own expense.

Strategic Positioning

Experienced DLA contractors view FAT not as a hurdle, but as a quality validation step. Successfully passing FAT builds your past performance record and makes you a preferred vendor for future requirements of the same National Stock Number (NSN).

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